The Islam Concept

Truman Quoted articles On the off potential for success that you cannot have the warmth, escape the kitchen, is one of Harry S. Trumans most axiom. Students of history have since a long time ago discussed whether this statement applied to Truman himself during his lifetime somewhere in the range of 1884 and 1972. The statement implies that in the event that an individual can't endure the weights of a specific circumstance, at that point this individual should expel himself from that circumstance. Utilizing political, strategic, and social models from Trumans own life, this statement can be affirmed. In 1945, Truman turned into the 33rd leader of the United States while World War II was occurring. Being the leader of the United States is troublesome particularly in the midst of war. Truman, as different presidents, was tremendously forced by the nation to perform repudiating activities. He needed to chose troublesome inquiries, for example, regardless of whether to help South Korea. A portion of his bureau individuals likewise constrained him to utilize the nuclear bomb in Japan to end the war while others contended against executing a huge number of regular folks. Truman was politically arranged for the activity. By serving two terms as the president he demonstrated that he could remain in the kitchen. The Republicans likewise compelled Truman, as it is basic for one ideological group to threaten the other party in a political fight. The Republicans spread lies and bits of gossip and made harming purposeful publicity to demolish Trumans notoriety. Truman withstood this pit of po litical weights all through his profession and demonstrated that he could stand the warmth. In 1950, socialist powers from North Korea attacked South Korea while Truman was the president. South Korea had been a partner of the United States since the World War II. The United States had armed force bases situated in that nation. The nation was conflicted between the choices of whether to help their partner nation Korea. Quite possibly if the United States shielded Korea, the Soviet Union would bolster North Korea... <!

Monte Carlo Simulation of Transmission Experiement

Monte Carlo Simulation of Transmission Experiement Liquid Densitometer Design dependent on Transmission and Scattering Gamma Ray Method utilizing Monte Carlo Approach R.Wirawan, M. Djamal, A.Waris, G. Handayani, H.J. Kim Theoretical. Non-damaging testing is one technique in the material testing that was applied and created for some reasons in the mechanical field. Gamma spectrometer is a one strategy that can be applied for the liquid densitometer. It was examined the capability of the utilization of transmission and dissipating gamma beam estimations so as to assess the liquid thickness utilizing GEANT4 Monte Carlo reproduction toolbox. Watchwords: Non-damaging testing, dispersing gamma, Monte Carlo, GEANT4. PACS: 29.40.- n Presentation Gamma-beam range estimation is one of promising creating technique in the non-damaging test application particularly for an online estimation. It’s relevant for some modern applications, for example, in clinical, mining and oil industry, country security. The nature of the material can be separating from another dependent on its thickness. In the use of gamma spectrometry, it’s impact the gamma beam energies range identification result. Ball et al. (1998) have researched the reaction of gamma backscatter to the spatial thickness in mass example [1]. In the liquid item investigation particularly for the oil item thickness estimation, it’s a promising strategy for a densitometer. Hussein (2011) has created examination of the liquid stream in the funnel utilizing gamma spectrometry [2]. Khorsandi and Feghhi have examined the transmission mode in densitometer application for the oil based commodities checking applications [3]. The blend of transmission and dispersing estimation modes are acceptable drawing nearer for a superior examination strategy in the indicator reaction estimation because of the liquid thickness inside the funnel. For this reason, reenactment utilizing Monte Carlo strategy can be directed. Monte Carlo strategies have abilities in the usage of the few of material science models and give the anticipating bring about the radiation material science application [4, 5]. In the current examination we explored the capability of the blend of these estimations utilizing the Monte Carlo radiation transport from GEANT4 recreation toolbox. Hypothesis Gamma beam vitality range trademark that recognized from its collaboration with the material have data to distinguish the material qualities included. In the gamma beam range estimation, there are two sorts of estimation type for example transmission and dispersing. In the transmission, the gamma beam shafts have a constricted force due to vitality assimilation by material. The mass constriction coefficient à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ ­ of photon is a component of photon vitality. The lessened force was depicted by the Beerâ€Lambert recipe: (1) where I0 episode gamma beams powers, x is material assimilation thickness, is mass retention coeficient and its corresponding to the all out cross-segment as follows , NA is the Avogadro’s number (6.021023 molecule/mole) and An is nuclear mass number of material[8]. For the dissipating estimation, the distinguished photon bar is the consequence of diverting with an electrons material. Dissipating collaborations that may happen is the single dispersing or different scattering.The photon pillar force has lessening in the way before the dissipating point cooperation and in the way to the indicator after the dispersing point communication. Figure 1 shows the single dissipating cooperation of photon with a component volume dV. Figure 1 Schematic graph of photon single dispersing association with a component volume in the material (embraced from Devlin and Taylor) [9]. As per the Compton dissipating association, the photon with a vitality E㠯⠁â § will be diverted with dispersing edges à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ ± to the root heading after impact with a nuclear electron. The dissipated photon vitality (EScatt) is communicated by the recipe: (2) The power of identified gamma photon are impact of weakening along essential photon, number of electron in component volume, differential cross-segment, lessening of dispersed photon way and the strong edge subtended by locator at the component volume. For the single dissipating association, the power of recognized photon as delineated in the equation: (3) where S is the source movement (photon s-1), dV is component volume cooperation, n is the electron thickness of the material, r1 and r2 are the length way of the essential photon before communication and subsequent to dispersing individually. The thickness à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ ² of the material is identified with the electron thickness by (4) where NA is the Avogadro number, Z is the nuclear number and M is the nuclear mass. For the Compton connection probabilities of the photon shaft when it communicate with an electron of the material was depict in differential structure by Klein-Nishina recipe, (5) where r0 is clasical electron range (2,82 fm) and P parameter as capacity of episode photon vitality and dispersing points à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ ± as the recipe (6) where steady [1,8]. Utilizing the condition (4) and (5) to substitute parameter n and in the condition (3), we have the connection of force with the material thickness: (7) Arrangement of the condition (7) can be communicated in the basic structure: (8) where An and B are steady. Technique The reenactment arrangement was created dependent on the transmission design which led tentatively done by Khorsandi [3]. Four identifiers are set in two kind positions where two finders in a similar side with source and two others in the contrary site as appeared in Figure 2. The spatial separation between two identifier d10 and d30 from the collimated source pivot are about hub 27.5cm. For identifier d20 is set 20 cm far away from locator d10. Polyethylene pipe have an internal sweep 5cm and thickness it’s about 2mm. Liquids under scrutiny inside the channel (for example gas, gasoil and water) are thought to be of uniform density㠯⠁â ². A circle gamma beam source model is utilized for Cs-137 source is collimated by the chamber protecting lead with 5cm thickness. The 3in. x 3in. NaI(Tl) locator model recreation in the reenactment is embraced from references [6, 7]. Reenactment dependent on GEANT4 Penelope Monte Carlo utilizing 5.0 x 107 of the gamma source beamon. Figure 2 Schematic perception of GEANT4 reenactment for the transmission and dispersing estimations arrangement. Result and Discussion To inspect the reaction capacity of transmission and dissipating estimation, right off the bat we have to consider the arrangement intended for the finder development as per the c gamma source vitality range. The Cesium 137 source was set before the Pb collimated NaI(Tl) 3 in. x 3 in. glimmer locator. Figure 3 shows the indicator reaction work range of GEANT4 reproduction result contrasting with the estimation aftereffect of the 15uCi gamma source. There are a decent understanding for photopeak vitality between the recreation result and the examination result. Figure 3 Response capacity of Cs137 15uCi gamma hotspot for 3 in. x 3 in NaI(Tl) identifier. In light of finder development arrangement, at that point we breaks down the indicator reaction capacity of transmission and dispersing estimation. Figure 4 shows the reaction work consequence of identifier that set in the four unique situations for three distinctive kind of thickness liquid for example gas, gasoil and water. Figure 4 Response capacity of identifier NaI(Tl) 3in. x 3in. from GEANT4 reenactment of four distinctive indicator positions for fuel, gasoil and water liquids in pipe. In the all vitality range appropriation above, thickness of liquid issue give an impact to the gamma energies range. The fuel has a lower thickness number, however it shows a higher power (number of occasions) of gamma beam vitality identified contrast with the gasoil and water. The expanded thickness of liquid will expanded the quantity of electrons at the dissipating point communication, lessening of essential and dispersed photons. Along these lines, it’s give an impact to the diminishing force or pinnacle vitality range that distinguished by the identifier. For transmission mode as appeared at d0 indicator position, the primary pinnacle of Cesium 137 gamma source is in the 0.662 MeV. The standardize top power shows that the GEANT4 reenactments result have a decent consent to the Khorsandi (2011) test result as appeared in Figure 5. This outcome shows that the model can be utilized for anticipating the liquid densitometer try. Figure 5 Normalize force bend of transmission mode (d0 identifier position) from reenactment and examination results. Here in the Figure 6(a), we have similar patterns that the diminishing of the photopeak stature because of the liquids thickness increment. Figure 6 Gaussian stature bends of photopeak at four distinctive identifier positions. In light of the power as thickness work condition (8), the proposed steady An and B for the bend fit in the Figure 6(a) are portrayed in Table 1. Table 1. Bend fitting consistent In light of the B consistent of the four standardize tally rates bends, d20 indicator position have a higher diminishing incline than the others. In opposite side, the quantity of section photon to the indicator d20 position is excessively little, so for this design its need the higher action source. Ends In this investigation, a Monte Carlo reproduction of transmission and dissipating estimations of gamma beam for the liquid densitometer was completed utilizing GEANT4. Because of an expansion in the liquid thickness in the channel, the pinnacle statures of identified gamma beam force have diminished. The reenactments for the gamma beam transmission examination were led by the test arrangement give the best fit bend result. Affirmations The creator recognizes the monetary help of Directorate General of Indonesian Higher Education through the Sandwich-Like (PKPI) Program 2013. Refference [1] A.J. Ball, C.J. Solomon, J.C. Z

Essay Topics - How To Choose Your Topic

<h1>Essay Topics - How To Choose Your Topic</h1><p>An article subject can be a significant piece of the creative cycle for an understudy wanting to discover a school major or a representative planning to be advanced. Each contender for an occupation will initially be assessed dependent on their capabilities and what they have accomplished so far in their vocation. It isn't phenomenal to run into understudies or managers the same who need to know how much achievement they have had, or whether they are keen on work change or a more significant compensation level.</p><p></p><p>Although there are a few paper themes that could be applied, choosing the correct one can end up being troublesome. This is the place your exploration on the subject comes in.</p><p></p><p>Although you will have the option to discover numerous sites offering counsel on the correct point for you, you should be increasingly explicit. Ask companions, a sk different alumni and research the web for exhortation on the subject. The more data you accumulate, the more ready you will be to choose your topic.</p><p></p><p>If you don't know about any other individual who has effectively utilized your preferred subject for an article point, inquire as to whether they can offer you a few indications or guidance on the theme you need to utilize. Different experts you may request exhortation on points incorporate instructors, direction guides, educators or teachers, advisors, coaches or advocates and the Internet.</p><p></p><p>There are some broad counsel and some that have to do with explicit circumstances. In the event that you find that the theme that intrigues you is excessively wide, it might be that you ought to consider concentrating on a solitary point that might be increasingly engaged in some zone that is essential to you.</p><p></p><p>Most understudies are likew ise acquainted with the idea of consolidating your exposition subjects, which would give you an approach to keep the message brief yet instructive. Requesting proficient direction is an insightful thought, however you won't have the option to locate the perfect point on your own.</p><p></p><p>By exploiting the numerous assets out there, you will before long find that you can locate the ideal article subjects for yourself. Knowing the quantity of expositions to compose, the points to concentrate on and the approaches to join these subjects into a firm contention makes for simple work when assembling a decent article or essay.</p>

Crittercism

Crittercism INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi, today we are in San Francisco with Crittercism. Andrew, who are you and what do you do?Andrew: So I am the co-founder of the company. I lead strategy and basically handle all outward facing activities and I also work with the team on product strategy and roadmap.Martin: How did you come up with this business idea?Andrew: Basically, I have an engineering background. A Long time ago I was doing data warehousing at HP so big data type engineering work. I left there when I got into Y Combinator, a startup incubator based out here in the Valley for a different company. There we were working on a project, it’s a data pipeline that analyzes tweets to be able to target advertising. We are quite passionate about ad tech space so we ended up shutting down that company. It was my first start-up after college I was working on but I met up with a coworker at HP and we started building mobile apps together. Our apps, they had a bunch of performance problems, we had one st ar reviews, we had people complaining. We just found out it was very difficult to get a handle on what that end user experience was like. We ended up building some tools to help ourselves and we spoke at bunch of mobile meetups and realized that this was a widespread problem.The apps we have used ourselves were not that actionable. I am sure you’ve read that before, they say, “This app sucks. It’s not working.” Ok, it doesn’t help me recreate the problem and even if you could get in touch with the consumer, they just aren’t knowledgeable to help you understand and recreate exactly what happened and what happened under the hood. That’s what the company is for, we solve problems, scratch your own edge is the phrase. So we are building apps back in 2010 and we ended up incorporating this company in January of 2011 so actually comes up on our 5 anniversary now.Martin: Did you have some kind of initial customers before you incorporated the company and this made you see that there might be some business potential? Or did you first incorporate it and then went looking for customers?Andrew: It’s a great question because after Y Combinator we got a little bit of money from there but we were bootstrapping and my fiancée at that time was buying groceries which was great, she was being very supportive, but we wanted to make sure that the next company that I build, that there was something there, that there was a real problem, a ‘hair on fire’ problem that needed to be solved. After we’re building those mobile apps we almost didn’t start this company. But we felt like there was something there and so what we did was we set up a sign up list, like a beta list, put up a landing page and that was just a way for us to gauge demand . And in addition to that we did get software out in the hands of a few startups, a few other developers that we knew in the community. We just saw that there was enough demand and we actually took that and applied to a diffe rent incubator called Angel Pad which is founded by a bunch of ex-googlers who are now based in New York. We got into that program. So we had the social proof and social validation through that. Plus we had that sign up list of potential clients and so we said, “We have to do this. We are on to something.”BUSINESS MODEL OF CRITTERCISMMartin: Let’s talk about the business model of Crittercism. What is actually the value proposition that you are delivering to your customers?Andrew: It’s actually fairly straightforward which I think when you work on something, can you explain it to your grandma that’s kind of a test, right? Basically everyone has used a mobile app that hasn’t worked correctly, maybe it was slow or laggy, maybe tried to buy something and it didn’t work. So what Crittercism does is that it attract that user journey while they are using a mobile app. It sees where you struggle and we collect diagnostic data under the hood, to help companies find and fix tho se issues that customers are running into.I guess a bit of a deeper explanation of what we do is to really provide actual intelligence by taking operational and behavioral data. So behavioral data is what buttons the user is tapping on, what screens they are on. And then the operational data that we overlay on top of it is code defects â€" things like crashes and errors, networking issues, not only carrier performance but we track all the cloud services and APIs that a mobile app is interacting with. And we tie it back of course with code defects because they can be related. We look at important transactions or workflows in the app so if you are trying to log in or update your profile or check out, we take that and we track all these critical events and help you understand its taking too long to complete an action and if there is some failure that occurred along the way.Martin: When you are talking of user behavior tracking is it that the company or your customer is actually definin g the workflow or is It like generic like maybe Google Analytics maybe just add the Crittercism snippet and that’s it?Andrew: It’s similar to google analytics. We have an SDK piece of software that you embed into an app. We automate a lot of these events that we collect and a lot of the performance issues that a customer may run into. We do an optional logging so you can send us additional data and also we let you define what those important workflows are. Our clients know better than us where does logging start and end so they can define that and we will automatically track all these critical events, user behavior and operational data along the way.Martin: Are you having an API so your customer has access to all the people data as well?Andrew: Yes, we have an API for all virtual data and our best clients will hook us up into their operation centers. The product managers will have real time view especially around releases. The develper team will have a separate dashboard, seeing what the code defects are like and how well they are doing.Martin: Are there any specific customer segments that you are having or is it just everybody who has a mobile app?Andrew: So we operate across verticals, across industries. We operate at a tremendous scale. We process over a hundred billion application launches every month. This is a across three of the five top global media companies, two of the top three hotel chains in the world, two of the top three credit card processors and so it’s not every single vertical. We do have major presence in retail. I’d anyone that’s building a mission critical or revenue critical mobile application falls under our purview. And it’s in a variety of use cases, and it is not necessarily who thinks of the consumer apps when you download apps at the app store, that is the majority of our business but a lot of companies are also publishing internal mobile applications to their employeesto improve a business process.So an example would b eâ€" we have a very large retailer who has applied apps to the employees in the warehouses so they can track inventory.There is another one that we work with, and you have seen point of sale devices being done by smart phones or tablets, but they actually will even do something like take a smartphone and hook it up to a printer and reprint price tags when people return items to the store. So we are seeing more and more of that, all these business processes are being moved onto smartphones and tablets because of the efficiency gains that they get from it.Martin How is your revenue model working?Andrew: So we charge based on how many users an app has. Specifically, monthly active users. If you install and never use the app we won’t charge the company that’s supporting the app for that user. But it makes sense because we collect more data the more customers that client ends up having.Martin: And how did you define the price point or is it really like customer specific?Andrew: It to ok us a while to get to something that worked because there wasn’t a great analogy in the beginning. It wasn’t like we can look at what was happening on the web world, because mobile is just different beast. And so we just experimented and over time found a price point that worked.Martin: Ok, cool. Are there any options to extending this kind of model because if you are first on the mobile and you have all the behavioral data so to speak where can identify wether an app crashed or some system information and etc. what you are currently doing. Are there any other applications that can build on top of that or actually you are already doing?Andrew: Sure. You are right, we collect a lot of rich data. In fact, we started publishing some of this in the forms of reports in The Health of the Industry, as iOS and Android is doing. In fact, we’ve got data.crittercism.com, we have some live benchmarks there. So we will continue to invest in the data intelligence aspect of it.But we have our customers using us in a variety of ways, ways we couldn’t even imagine when we first built the company. At the end of the day it’s all about customer experience and companies want to make sure that no matter what channel their users are going through to access their service that they have that amazing experience. And of course there is revenue involved to make sure that everything goes smoothly.So an example that would be obviously around connected devices and IOT, we are in some major watch applications, as an example we have just seen Apple revamp its TV offering. So these are platforms that we’ve started to work on and we plan to support all of them because they actually look and feel and smell very similar to smartphone and tablets and there really you are dealing with embedded software. And the important thing to keep in mind is when working on embedded software is customer experience is very tightly coupled with performance because everything is combined into one. Yo u don’t have that client â€" server separation of the web. And companies just struggle to keep up because the ecosystem is moving so quickly, there is not enough engineering talent out there, they can’t even hire fast enough. They have caught up somewhere, on the traditional mobile side but now you have this explosion of brand new devices coming out and it’s another challenge. Our software helps them tackle those challenges so their customers are successful .Martin: You are covering one and one hundred billion app loads a month. Can you give us insights on the main reasons why an app is crashing?Andrew: Sure. And when you say crash, you know people use this term for variety of things. When you look at an app crashing, it could be just close but what happens if you try to buy something and it’s sitting there and spinning and you say screw that and hit the home button some people might call it a crash even though technically there is a word for it.When it comes down to it, itâ €™s actually related to why mobile is different. If you can answer that question, you can answer what causes apps to fail the most. When you look at it, you look at all the devices out there, you have heard a lot about device fragmentation, thousands and thousands Android devices. Even on iOS , you see they have a lot more devices than they used to. You see a lot of operating system pushes so we just had iOS9, Marshmallow is having a roll out right now. And each new iOS release can cause problems, each new device that comes out. You have carriers and a lot of people think carriers are dumb pipes but they can actually mess with the data, they can do package shaping we have seen one that have changed JPEGs to PNGs as an example. You have geopolitical issues like the firewall in China, you have major countries just shutting down internet access during conflicts. These are all things you just didn’t even have to imagine in the previous world. But of course the sensors available to the se devices are new. And so we added all up, it is impossible to test every possible use case and even if you could that new Samsung device comes out and suddenly things start breaking again. Having that visibility, it is a vague answer but that’s the number one reason why applications fail. It’s just that there are peculiarities; whether it’s the device, the OS, the location that cause some of them to occur or some code to be executed that you just didn’t test for. That’s what ends up causing a lot of headaches especially for companies that that are not using our software.Martin: Are you aware of the Safe Harbour Act? I think some weeks ago it was refusedâ€"Andrew: Last week. Yes, The European High Court nullified it.Martin: Your company is based in the US. Do you see any impact on the Safe Harbour on your business?Andrew: So Europe has been important for us from day one. In fact, our first paying customer was in Europe which a lot of people don’t know. Even though we ar e 60 person company we have a European data center. We leverage Amazon’s Frankfurt Instance and that has data isolation so the data does not leave the EU. In fact, it doesn’t leave Germany, it’s based there. We were Safe Harbour certified before the European Court did that annulment, by the way we are paying close attention because they are going to give new guidelines to US companies, kind of like a Safe Harbour 2.0.But data privacy and security has always been important to us, it’s always been a question that has been raised. Especially because we are embedded in people’s apps and so by default we don’t collect any personal identifiable information. In fact, we have turned a lot of capabilities off by default in our SDK and companies can chose to turn things on, depending on if they are comfortable with it or not. You have to deal with mobiles that can be used by children, especially children under 13 and there is a law against collecting data there.So we have made sur e to be compliant across the spectrum in the US and overseas as well. So I think other companies that maybe don’t have a European data center are probably pretty worried because when they sell to a company in Europe, that was one of the certification they would show to make them feel more trusted an feel better by using their product but for us, we have that capability available so there is less of an impact for us.Martin: Just checking if I got it right, in the US you are not allowed to track the behavior of people of 13 years and below?Andrew: There is a specific rule called Code of Compliance. There are specific rules around collecting anything that might be considered as person identifiable. We don’t collect that by default anyway but there is a gray area in terms of what you consider person identifiable and so we have made sure that we architected ourselves both in terms of our product but also in terms of the legal documents that we handle.ADVICE TO ENTREPRENEURS FROM ANDR EW LEVY In San Francisco (CA), we meet Co-Founder of Crittercism, Andrew Levy. Andrew talks about his story how he came up with the idea and founded Crittercism, how the current business model works, as well as he provides some advice for young entrepreneurs.INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi, today we are in San Francisco with Crittercism. Andrew, who are you and what do you do?Andrew: So I am the co-founder of the company. I lead strategy and basically handle all outward facing activities and I also work with the team on product strategy and roadmap.Martin: How did you come up with this business idea?Andrew: Basically, I have an engineering background. A Long time ago I was doing data warehousing at HP so big data type engineering work. I left there when I got into Y Combinator, a startup incubator based out here in the Valley for a different company. There we were working on a project, it’s a data pipeline that analyzes tweets to be able to target advertising. We are quite passionate about ad tech space so we ended up shutting down that company. It was my first start-up after college I was working on but I met up with a coworker at HP and we started building mobile apps together. Our apps, they had a bunch of performance problems, we had one star reviews, we had people complaining. We just found out it was very difficult to get a handle on what that end user experience was like. We ended up building some tools to help ourselves and we spoke at bunch of mobile meetups and realized that this was a widespread problem.The apps we have used ourselves were not that actionable. I am sure you’ve read that before, they say, “This app sucks. It’s not working.” Ok, it doesn’t help me recreate the problem and even if you could get in touch with the consumer, they just aren’t knowledgeable to help you understand and recreate exactly what happened and what happened under the hood. That’s what the company is for, we solve problems, scratch your own edge is the phrase. So we ar e building apps back in 2010 and we ended up incorporating this company in January of 2011 so actually comes up on our 5 anniversary now.Martin: Did you have some kind of initial customers before you incorporated the company and this made you see that there might be some business potential? Or did you first incorporate it and then went looking for customers?Andrew: It’s a great question because after Y Combinator we got a little bit of money from there but we were bootstrapping and my fiancée at that time was buying groceries which was great, she was being very supportive, but we wanted to make sure that the next company that I build, that there was something there, that there was a real problem, a ‘hair on fire’ problem that needed to be solved. After we’re building those mobile apps we almost didn’t start this company. But we felt like there was something there and so what we did was we set up a sign up list, like a beta list, put up a landing page and that was just a w ay for us to gauge demand . And in addition to that we did get software out in the hands of a few startups, a few other developers that we knew in the community. We just saw that there was enough demand and we actually took that and applied to a different incubator called Angel Pad which is founded by a bunch of ex-googlers who are now based in New York. We got into that program. So we had the social proof and social validation through that. Plus we had that sign up list of potential clients and so we said, “We have to do this. We are on to something.”BUSINESS MODEL OF CRITTERCISMMartin: Let’s talk about the business model of Crittercism. What is actually the value proposition that you are delivering to your customers?Andrew: It’s actually fairly straightforward which I think when you work on something, can you explain it to your grandma that’s kind of a test, right? Basically everyone has used a mobile app that hasn’t worked correctly, maybe it was slow or laggy, maybe tried to buy something and it didn’t work. So what Crittercism does is that it attract that user journey while they are using a mobile app. It sees where you struggle and we collect diagnostic data under the hood, to help companies find and fix those issues that customers are running into.I guess a bit of a deeper explanation of what we do is to really provide actual intelligence by taking operational and behavioral data. So behavioral data is what buttons the user is tapping on, what screens they are on. And then the operational data that we overlay on top of it is code defects â€" things like crashes and errors, networking issues, not only carrier performance but we track all the cloud services and APIs that a mobile app is interacting with. And we tie it back of course with code defects because they can be related. We look at important transactions or workflows in the app so if you are trying to log in or update your profile or check out, we take that and we track all these cr itical events and help you understand its taking too long to complete an action and if there is some failure that occurred along the way.Martin: When you are talking of user behavior tracking is it that the company or your customer is actually defining the workflow or is It like generic like maybe Google Analytics maybe just add the Crittercism snippet and that’s it?Andrew: It’s similar to google analytics. We have an SDK piece of software that you embed into an app. We automate a lot of these events that we collect and a lot of the performance issues that a customer may run into. We do an optional logging so you can send us additional data and also we let you define what those important workflows are. Our clients know better than us where does logging start and end so they can define that and we will automatically track all these critical events, user behavior and operational data along the way.Martin: Are you having an API so your customer has access to all the people data as well?Andrew: Yes, we have an API for all virtual data and our best clients will hook us up into their operation centers. The product managers will have real time view especially around releases. The develper team will have a separate dashboard, seeing what the code defects are like and how well they are doing.Martin: Are there any specific customer segments that you are having or is it just everybody who has a mobile app?Andrew: So we operate across verticals, across industries. We operate at a tremendous scale. We process over a hundred billion application launches every month. This is a across three of the five top global media companies, two of the top three hotel chains in the world, two of the top three credit card processors and so it’s not every single vertical. We do have major presence in retail. I’d anyone that’s building a mission critical or revenue critical mobile application falls under our purview. And it’s in a variety of use cases, and it is not necessarily who thinks of the consumer apps when you download apps at the app store, that is the majority of our business but a lot of companies are also publishing internal mobile applications to their employeesto improve a business process.So an example would beâ€" we have a very large retailer who has applied apps to the employees in the warehouses so they can track inventory.There is another one that we work with, and you have seen point of sale devices being done by smart phones or tablets, but they actually will even do something like take a smartphone and hook it up to a printer and reprint price tags when people return items to the store. So we are seeing more and more of that, all these business processes are being moved onto smartphones and tablets because of the efficiency gains that they get from it.Martin How is your revenue model working?Andrew: So we charge based on how many users an app has. Specifically, monthly active users. If you install and never use the app we won’t char ge the company that’s supporting the app for that user. But it makes sense because we collect more data the more customers that client ends up having.Martin: And how did you define the price point or is it really like customer specific?Andrew: It took us a while to get to something that worked because there wasn’t a great analogy in the beginning. It wasn’t like we can look at what was happening on the web world, because mobile is just different beast. And so we just experimented and over time found a price point that worked.Martin: Ok, cool. Are there any options to extending this kind of model because if you are first on the mobile and you have all the behavioral data so to speak where can identify wether an app crashed or some system information and etc. what you are currently doing. Are there any other applications that can build on top of that or actually you are already doing?Andrew: Sure. You are right, we collect a lot of rich data. In fact, we started publishing some of this in the forms of reports in The Health of the Industry, as iOS and Android is doing. In fact, we’ve got data.crittercism.com, we have some live benchmarks there. So we will continue to invest in the data intelligence aspect of it.But we have our customers using us in a variety of ways, ways we couldn’t even imagine when we first built the company. At the end of the day it’s all about customer experience and companies want to make sure that no matter what channel their users are going through to access their service that they have that amazing experience. And of course there is revenue involved to make sure that everything goes smoothly.So an example that would be obviously around connected devices and IOT, we are in some major watch applications, as an example we have just seen Apple revamp its TV offering. So these are platforms that we’ve started to work on and we plan to support all of them because they actually look and feel and smell very similar to smartphone an d tablets and there really you are dealing with embedded software. And the important thing to keep in mind is when working on embedded software is customer experience is very tightly coupled with performance because everything is combined into one. You don’t have that client â€" server separation of the web. And companies just struggle to keep up because the ecosystem is moving so quickly, there is not enough engineering talent out there, they can’t even hire fast enough. They have caught up somewhere, on the traditional mobile side but now you have this explosion of brand new devices coming out and it’s another challenge. Our software helps them tackle those challenges so their customers are successful .Martin: You are covering one and one hundred billion app loads a month. Can you give us insights on the main reasons why an app is crashing?Andrew: Sure. And when you say crash, you know people use this term for variety of things. When you look at an app crashing, it could be just close but what happens if you try to buy something and it’s sitting there and spinning and you say screw that and hit the home button some people might call it a crash even though technically there is a word for it.When it comes down to it, it’s actually related to why mobile is different. If you can answer that question, you can answer what causes apps to fail the most. When you look at it, you look at all the devices out there, you have heard a lot about device fragmentation, thousands and thousands Android devices. Even on iOS , you see they have a lot more devices than they used to. You see a lot of operating system pushes so we just had iOS9, Marshmallow is having a roll out right now. And each new iOS release can cause problems, each new device that comes out. You have carriers and a lot of people think carriers are dumb pipes but they can actually mess with the data, they can do package shaping we have seen one that have changed JPEGs to PNGs as an example. You have geopolitical issues like the firewall in China, you have major countries just shutting down internet access during conflicts. These are all things you just didn’t even have to imagine in the previous world. But of course the sensors available to these devices are new. And so we added all up, it is impossible to test every possible use case and even if you could that new Samsung device comes out and suddenly things start breaking again. Having that visibility, it is a vague answer but that’s the number one reason why applications fail. It’s just that there are peculiarities; whether it’s the device, the OS, the location that cause some of them to occur or some code to be executed that you just didn’t test for. That’s what ends up causing a lot of headaches especially for companies that that are not using our software.Martin: Are you aware of the Safe Harbour Act? I think some weeks ago it was refusedâ€"Andrew: Last week. Yes, The European High Court nullified it.Martin: Y our company is based in the US. Do you see any impact on the Safe Harbour on your business?Andrew: So Europe has been important for us from day one. In fact, our first paying customer was in Europe which a lot of people don’t know. Even though we are 60 person company we have a European data center. We leverage Amazon’s Frankfurt Instance and that has data isolation so the data does not leave the EU. In fact, it doesn’t leave Germany, it’s based there. We were Safe Harbour certified before the European Court did that annulment, by the way we are paying close attention because they are going to give new guidelines to US companies, kind of like a Safe Harbour 2.0.But data privacy and security has always been important to us, it’s always been a question that has been raised. Especially because we are embedded in people’s apps and so by default we don’t collect any personal identifiable information. In fact, we have turned a lot of capabilities off by default in our SDK an d companies can chose to turn things on, depending on if they are comfortable with it or not. You have to deal with mobiles that can be used by children, especially children under 13 and there is a law against collecting data there.So we have made sure to be compliant across the spectrum in the US and overseas as well. So I think other companies that maybe don’t have a European data center are probably pretty worried because when they sell to a company in Europe, that was one of the certification they would show to make them feel more trusted an feel better by using their product but for us, we have that capability available so there is less of an impact for us.Martin: Just checking if I got it right, in the US you are not allowed to track the behavior of people of 13 years and below?Andrew: There is a specific rule called Code of Compliance. There are specific rules around collecting anything that might be considered as person identifiable. We don’t collect that by default anyw ay but there is a gray area in terms of what you consider person identifiable and so we have made sure that we architected ourselves both in terms of our product but also in terms of the legal documents that we handle.ADVICE TO ENTREPRENEURS FROM ANDREW LEVYMartin: What type of advice could you give to first time entrepreneurs who would just come to you and say, “Andrew, I want to start a company but I am not sure what to do and how to do it correctly”?Andrew: There are many pieces of advice I could give. I would say for one thing when we were trying to start a company before I think we were going about it in the wrong way and kind of sitting in a room brainstorming about, “Hey, what should we work on”. But when it really came down to the most successful one we were leaning on our own experiences in what pains we did encounter, what inefficiencies that we did see. It is hard to start a company when you are not intimately familiar, you don’t have the main knowledge. If you are a software developer and you want to create software for medical profession but you don’t have any medical background it’s tough, you need to find a co-founder that could fill that slot for you.But beyond that, I think one thing that helped was as we started the company, one of the mantras that you hear quite frequently is fail fast. And even after we started this company we had what we thought was one product line but it was actually two and we begin quickly deprecating and getting rid of one of them because it wasn’t going as quickly. We wanted to really focus our time so I think it is important that we did that. Over time we have continued to make sure we stay focused and get rid of projects that are not on our core.Another piece of advice that I’d give is that you are very scrappy at the beginning and you don’t have a lot of money and it really forces you to make decisions in the right way and to move quickly. So another piece of advice I’d give is as you raise m oney from investors and you start to grow the company is you keep that mentality. If you do raise some money don’t overspend, make sure you validate your sales model. Don’t go out and hire a hundred sales people before you have done that. The analogy might be some people say, “If you build it, they will come”. But what you should do is to let some clients come and then build a little bit more. Don’t burry your head in the sand and build something for a year and hope that you will be successful. You need to quickly iterate and that’s not just in software development but that’s also on your business model and go to market plans.Martin: Andrew, thank you so much for your time. It was very nice and interesting.Andrew: Thanks. It was nice meeting you.Martin: And if you have an app and you want to really understand why it fails or where you can improve it on your workflow maybe you can just install and buy Crittercism.

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